A bicycle is a human-powered, two-wheeled device that can be used for transportation and recreation. Invented in the nineteenth century, bicycles have become the most popular mode of transport worldwide, offering flexible, low-carbon, and affordable mobility in urban environments.

Bicycles are typically constructed from a steel or aluminum frame, with one or more wheels and a seat. The rider pedals, using the chain to turn a crank that in turns turns the front wheel and moves the bike forwards. The handlebar, which is connected to the rear wheel through a pivot point, can be turned from side to side to steer the bike. Most bicycles also have a brake lever, which the rider uses to apply pressure on the front wheel to slow or stop the bike.

The name bicycle comes from a Dutch word meaning “two-wheeled device.” Inventor Karl Drais’s 1817 invention, which he called a draisine or Laufmaschine (“running machine”), was the first true bicycle. Adding pedals and a crank to Drais’s design allowed the cyclist to leverage their leg power to propel the bicycle, which was more effective than walking or running with equal exertion. The term velocipede was later coined to describe a variety of early human-powered vehicles.

Modern bicycles are very efficient and comfortable to ride, due largely to advancements in frame materials, component designs, and manufacturing processes. They are often designed for specific purposes, such as racing, mountain biking, or touring. Many riders choose to customize their bicycles with accessories, such as lights, racks, or fenders.

Bicycle accidents are common and can be serious. Proper attire and careful riding can help prevent them. Always wear a helmet, especially when cycling on public roads. Follow the same rules of the road as motorists, including maintaining a safe distance from other vehicles and keeping both hands on the handlebar. Signal before turning or changing lanes. Ensure that your bicycle is equipped with reflectors and headlights, and be sure to use them at night.

While some of today’s top bicycle manufacturers continue to outsource most of their production to Asia, a number of brands are coming full circle, recommitting to local production in the face of rising overseas costs and increased demand for operations transparency. For example, Brompton bikes are made in London, where the company employs hundreds of brazers to assemble frames. The company’s “Made in Britain” slogan promotes its heritage and helps it attract customers who value craftsmanship and sustainable operations. Meanwhile, American company Full Speed Ahead manufactures its rims and other components in Seattle or Italy, using strict environmental regulations to control the entire process. The company also partners with its Asian production suppliers, ensuring that every step of the design, testing, and assembly process is overseen by an expert. In addition to reducing production costs, this strategy benefits the environment by keeping carbon emissions to a minimum and promoting local employment.